Archive for the ‘investments’ Category

Are hidden fees draining 28% of your 401(k)?

Tuesday, August 3rd, 2010

Sure, you can look up the Expense Ratio for any of the funds in your 401(k), but that won’t tell you the whole story.

Unfortunately, there’s no law on the books right now that require your employer to periodically disclose the fees your 401(k) charges you for

  • transaction fees and sales charges
  • management fees, “recordkeeping”, report requests, toll-free inquiry charges
  • individual service fees
  • marketing fees (”12B-1″ fees)

When you ask your employer about these fees, it’s likely your employer doesn’t even know all the answers.  Sometimes the employer picked a plan administrator without full knowledge of these fees.  It takes some digging through your plan’s Summary Plan Description, the plan’s Annual Report, and your account statement.   Here’s what’s infuriating: there’s no law that says you have to be provided these documents until after you enroll in the plan.

Your financial planner should help you dig to the bottom to uncover these fees so you can find out how good your 401(k) really is.    Remember, a 1% fee can cost a 401(k) — after 35 years of siphoning off part of your earnings — 28% of your account balance.

More information from the US Dept of Labor: LINK

Mike Dayoub is a fee-only planner in Alpharetta/Milton. 770 361-3139 website

Asset allocation: needs to reflect your risk profile

Monday, December 14th, 2009

You think you know your risk profile.   Some combination of time constraints and how averse you are to volatility, right?   Not exactly.

True, time constraints play a big part of it.   The farther out your time-frame, the more you need to be concerned about inflation and longevity risk.

And true, we need to match your emotional makeup and be risk averse if you are.

But there’s another dimension to your risk profile.  It’s your actual savings behavior.   If you habitually maintain a good 6-9 months “emergency funds” in case of job loss, then you can afford to be riskier with your investments.   But if you’re the type who doesn’t have a good cushion, then we need to be more cautious with at least part of your portfolio.

That’s why a good financial planner wants a clear picture of your expenses and your savings rate.  That’s why I like to put you on Quicken.com or Mint.com so we can get a good snapshot of your lifestyle, where the data is collected automatically by the software (it queries your credit card and bank accounts.)

Your risk profile is a composite drawing.  A good planner doesn’t just go by age and your own self-assessment.  The real picture is more complex.

Mike Dayoub is a fee-only planner in Alpharetta/Milton and a tax preparer at H&R Block. 770 361-3139 website

To Roth or not Roth? 44% are undecided.

Thursday, December 10th, 2009

In January investors in retirement plans with incomes over $100,000 will for the first time have the opportunity to convert their individual retirement accounts, or IRAs, to Roth IRAs.  Have you figured out whether it’s right for you?

A survey by TD Ameritrade of 1,000 retail investor clients found that 44% of those with a retirement savings account that could be converted to a Roth IRA said they are still undecided on whether they would convert.

From my perspective, the decision should be based on whether your taxes will be higher in retirement or higher now.    The first hurdle is that it takes a fairly knowledgeable forecast to predict your future taxable income so you can predict your tax bracket.   (What other sources of income will you have in retirement?)  Then you need to guess what the tax rate will be at that bracket.

I have software that makes the guesswork more manageable.  Give me a call if you’d like help working through this decision.  We’ll set a fee before the work is started, and I won’t pressure you to move your assets to my management.

Mike Dayoub is a fee-only planner in Alpharetta/Milton and a tax preparer at H&R Block. 770 361-3139 website

The “bottom” for metro Atlanta housing prices

Monday, July 20th, 2009

Worried house prices here around Atlanta have further to drop?  Here’s a few reasons to not worry so much.

1. Replacement cost:  If you had to rebuild your house on your current land, what would it cost you?  Fair Market Value tends to reflect that replacement cost.

2. The US creates 1 million new households a year.  The US built only a half a million new houses last year.   We demolish another 250,000.   So we’re running a 750,000 deficit of new houses.  The deficit will catch up soon.

3. Lake Lanier.  A federal court just ruled Atlanta doesn’t have preiminent right to Lanier for drinking water (or lawn water).  Bad news for builders who need permits.  Good news for existing homeowners who will see their values go up as the glut of empty homes dissipates.

Call me if you want pointers to these statistics.

Mike Dayoub is a fee-only investment advisor and retirement planner in Georgia.  Website here.

Do you wish you could invest in “private equity”?

Thursday, June 4th, 2009

You may have read stories in 2007 about the fantastic returns investors were getting in “private equity” funds.   The logic was simple.  They had the advantage of

  • less trading
  • more patient investors
  • unencumbered by reporting requirements

Think you missed the boat because you couldn’t afford the $250K stake to buy into one of these funds?  Think again.  ETF’s such as PowerShares PSP gave average investors access to private equity funds.

How did PSP do?   Horribly.   Down more than 75% over the past 3 years.

And the component private equity funds PSP contains?  They’re all down an average of 75%.  Not a winner in the bunch.  The S&P 500 is only down 25% over the past year, by comparison.

Leucadia National (NYSE: LUK)
American Capital Strategies (Nasdaq: ACAS)
SVB Financia (Nasdaq: SIVB)
CapitalSource (NYSE: CSE)
KKR Financial
(NYSE: KFN)
Allied Capital (NYSE: ALD)
etc.

These are publically traded funds which invest in private equity.  Do you think you can do better than them?  Good luck!

I’ll keep looking for opportunities in private equity, but it doesn’t look promising.

Mike Dayoub is a fee-only financial planner in North Metro Atlanta. Website.

private equity performance

Buy and hold vs market timing

Friday, April 17th, 2009

I got this from the Bogleheads website.  It doesn’t prove anything, but is a good list of people who agree with me that it is impossible to time the market.  If your advisor or your buddy brags that he “got out” before the swan dive of 2008, be skeptical.  If your lunch partner brags he “got back in” for the recovery of 2009, congratulate him, make him pay for lunch, and don’t believe a word of it.

“The stock market will fluctuate, but you can’t pinpoint when it will tumble or shoot up. If you have allocated your assets properly and have sufficient emergency money, you shouldn’t need to worry.” (AAII Guide to Mutual Funds)

“Endless tinkering is unlikely to improve performance, and chasing last period’s stellar achiever is a losing strategy.” (Frank Armstrong, author and adviser)

“It must be apparent to intelligent investors–if anyone possessed the ability to do so (market time) he would become a billionaire–quickly–.” (David Babson, author, adviser)

“What it really takes to improve your returns and diminish your risks is a willingness to stop focusing exclusively on the movement of the markets.” (Baer & Ginsler, The Great Mutual Fund Trap)

“If we haven’t said it enough, we’ll say it again: Market timing is dangerous.” (Barron’s Guide to Making Investment Decisions.)

“Only liars manage to always be “out” during bad times and “in’ during good times. (Bernard Baruch, famed investor)

“Market timing recommendations have an impressive track record of being harmful to an investor’s financial health.” (Peter Bernstein, author, researcher)

“There are two kinds of investors, be thay large or small: those who don’t know where the market is headed, and those who don’t know that they don’t know.” (Wm Bernstein, author and adviser)

The Boglehead (forecasting) Contest began in 2001. Of 99 Diehard guesses that year, only 11 even guessed the direction of the stock market. In January 2008, only 2 Bogleheads guessed how low the S&P would go last year. Of 11 professional forecasters, every one thought the S&P would gain (it declined -38%)

“If you’re determined to succeed at investing, make it your first priority to become a buy-and-hold investor.” (Jack Brennan, Straight Talk on Investing)

“For the 12 years ending 1997, while the S&P rose 734% on a total return basis, the average return for 186 tactical asset-allocation mutual funds was a mere 384%. (Buckingham Financial Services)

“I never have the faintest idea what the stock market is going to do in the next six months, or the next year, or the next two.” (Warren Buffet)

“Market timing is an ineffective strategy for mutual fund investors.” (CDA/Wiesenberger)

“Any investment method that relies on predicting the future is doomed to fail.” (Chandan & Sengupta, financial authors)

“A successful investor has a good knowledge base, a well-defined investment plan, and nerves of steel to stick with it.” (Andrew Clarke, financial author)

“Most investors are unable to profitably time the market and are left with equity fund returns lower than inflation.” (2003 Dalber Study)

“Take my word on it. Buy-and-hold is still your best long-run strategy.” (Jonathan Clements, author & journalist)

“The buy and hold equity investor (S&P 500) would have earned a return of 8.35% for the 20 years ending 12/08, while the market-timer would have earned just 1.87%.” (Dalbar research)

“Market-timing is bunk.” (Pat Dorsey, M* Director of Fund Analysis.”

“The performance of 185 tactical asset allocation mutual funds was compared with buy-and-hold strategies and equity mutual funds over the years 1985-97. Over this period the S&P 500 Index increased 734%, average equity funds increased 598%, and tactical asset allocation funds increased 384%.” (David Dreman, author)

“Market timing is a wicked idea. Don’t try it-ever.” (Charles Ellis author of The Loser’s Game)

“Do nothing. I think all of this market timing is statistically unfounded. I don’t trust it. You may avoid a downturn, but you may also miss the rise. Choose the risk tolerance you’re OK with and hold tight.” (Professor Eugene Fama)

“The best practice for investors is to design a long-term globally diversified asset allocation based on present and future financial needs. Then follow that plan religiously, through all markets good and bad.” (Rick Ferri, author and adviser)

“Benjamin Graham spent much of his career trying to devise a goodformula for when to get into–and out of–the stock market. All formulas, he concluded, failed.” (Forbes, 12-27-99)

“Buy and hold. Diversify. But your money in index funds. Pay attention to to the one thing you can control–costs.” (Fortune Investor’s Guide 2003)

“Dont’ sell out of fear or buy out of greed. Just keep making investments, and let the market take its course over the long-term.” (Norman Fosback, author, researcher)

“The only function of economic forecastng is to make astrology look respectful.” (John Kenneth Galbraith, Economist)

“I’ve learned that market timing can ruin you.” (Elaine Garzarelli)

“Staying on course may be just as difficult in bull markets as in bear markets.” (Good & Hermansen, Index Your Way to Investment Success)

“For most investors the odds favor a buy-and-hold strategy.” (Carol Gould, author & financial columnist)

“If I have noticed anything over these 60 years on Wall Street, it is that people do not succeed in forecasting that’s going to happen to the stock market.” (Benjamin Graham)

“Your very refusal to be active, and your renunciation of any pretended ability to predict the future, can become your most powerful weapon.” (Graham & Zweig, The Intelligent Investor)

“The best advice: buy and hold.” (John Haslem, author and researcher)

“Even in a bear market, market-timing and actively managed mutual funds generally hurt investment performance more than they help it.” (Mark Hulbert, N.Y.Times columnist)

“After receiving the Nobel Prize, NBC asked Daniel Kahneman what investment tips he had for viewers. His answer: “Buy and hold.”

“Timing the market is for losers. Time IN the market will get you to the winner’s circele, and you’ll sleep better at night.” (Michael Leboeuf, author)

“No one is smart enough to time the market’s ups and downs.” (Arthur Levitt, former SEC chairman)

“It never was my thinking that made the big money for me. It always was my sitting.” (Jesse Livermore, author & famed investor)

“Nobody can predict interest rates, the future direction of the economy or the stock market.” (Peter Lynch)

“Buying-and-holding a broad-based market index fund is still the only game in town.” (Burton Malkiel, Random Walk Down Wall Street)

“At the peak of the bull market in March of 2000 only 0.7% of all recommendations on stocks issued by Wall Street brokerages and investment banks were to “Sell.” (Miami Herald, 1-26-03)

“We’re not keen on market-timing. It just doesn’t work.” (Morningstar Course 106)

“We’ve yet to find anyone who can accurately and consistently predict the market’s short-term moves.” (Motley Fools)

“Odean and Barber tested over 66,400 investors between 1991 and 1997. Their findings: “The most active traders earned 7% less annually than buy-and-hold investors.”

“Forget trying to time the market and do something productive instead.” (Gerald Perritt, financial author)

“The market timer’s Hall of Fame is an empty room.” (Jane Bryant Quinn)

“For the 10 years that ended 12-31-2000, only one newsletter out of the 112 that Timers Digest follows managed to beat the S&P 500 Benchmark.” (Jim Schmidt, editor)

“I’m a strong advocate of buying and holding.” (Charles Schwab)

“It turns out that I should have just bought them (securities), and thereafter I should have just sat on them like a fat, stupid peasant. A peasant however, who is rich beyond his limited dreams of avarice.” (Fred Schwed Jr., ‘Where are the Customers’ Yachts?)

“If you are not going to stick to your chosen investment method through thick and thin, there is almost no chance of your succeeding as an investor. (Chandan Sengupta, financial author)

“Investors should look with a jaundiced eye at any market timing system being peddled by its guru-creator.” (W. Scott Simon, financial author)

“Buying and holding a few broad market index funds is perhaps the most important move ordinary invests can make to supercharge their portfolios.” (Stein & DeMuth, (authors & advisor)

“Humans can’t consistently pick the right stocks or call markets.” (Ben Stein, economist author)

“It’s my belief that it’s a waste of time to try to time any market decline, or try to pinpoint a market bottom.” (James Stewart, Smart Money columnist)

“People should stop chasing performance and just put together a sensible portfolio regardless of the ups and downs of the market.” (David Swensen, Yale Investments)

“Trust in time and forget market timing. Allow time to work its compounding magic for you. Let market timing inflict its miseries on someone else.” (Tweddell & Pierce, financial authors)

“Stay invested. Not only does buy-and-hold investing offer better returns, but it’s also less work.” (Eric Tyson, author, Mutual Funds for Dummies.”

“Few if any investors manage to be consistently successful in timing markets.” (Wall Street Journal Lifetime Guide to Money)

“If you’re considering doing your own market timing, the best advice is this: Don’t.” (John Waggoner, USA Today financial columnist)

“If you buy, and then hold a total-stock-market index fund, it is mathematically certain that you will outperform the vast majority of all other investors in the long run.” (Jason Zweig, author)

The tax advantage of stocks and ETF’s (vs. mutual funds)

Tuesday, March 31st, 2009

Adding to investor pain in 2008 were 1099-DIV statements from mutual funds where the investor had to pay tax on capital gains even though his stake in the fund was currently underwater. How did that happen? Because the fund managers were forced to sell holdings (often for gains on the underlying stocks) to redeem many investors who were cashing out in the “flight to safety“.

This was a pain inflicted on mutual fund investors last year that investors in individual stocks or ETF’s didn’t experience.

However, that advantage of stocks and ETF’s is almost non-existent for a while. More than 99% of all mutual funds right now are carrying negative exposures to capital gains.

So if you are in a taxable account (as opposed to a retirement account where tax on earnings is deferred) and you are deciding between a mutual fund vs. individual stocks, this might be a determinant.

Call me if you want to know which funds are carrying the largest negative. Those funds can grow the most before you’re likely to see a 1099-DIV for capital gains.

Mike Dayoub is a fee-only registered investment advisor and tax preparer in Milton, GA. Website.

The danger of “safety”

Monday, March 9th, 2009

There’s a reason for low interest rates right now.  It’s called the “flight to safety”.  Investors are keeping money on the sidelines, or in the relative safety of Treasuries.  This exerts downward pressure on interest rates.

But are Treasuries really safer?  Are you feeling pretty safe with your variable rate annuity having a guaranteed minimum return?

Not so fast, Conservative Investor.  Safety has its own set of risks.

1 - Specific Risk: Some insurers are scrambling to cover their guarantees.  Some insurers have refused to permit policy holders to surrender policies for cash value, to avoid a “bank run” on the insurer.

How do you know the specific risk of your insurer or annuity?  See my post here.

The safety of municipal bonds?  Don’t be surprised if some default.

The safety of US Treasuries?  That’s a different risk:
2. inflation and interest rate risk.

If you expect Obama’s policies to create inflation, then why would you hold treasuries that would pay you back less than you invest, after you factor in inflation?   Don’t assume you can sell them:  once inflation strikes, your bond loses resale value because buyers will require higher returns to keep up with inflation.

Here’s an excerpt from recent Schwab guidance for 401(k) investors:

too many investors wait to get back into the stock market until after the economic storm clouds have cleared. Unfortunately for them, by waiting for the all-clear sign, much of the opportunity for gain is no longer there. LINK

It’s tough to put more money into equities in this market.  Call me if you need a long-term view.

Mike Dayoub is a fee-only financial planner in Milton & Alpharetta, GA.  Website.

The real cost of mutual funds

Friday, March 6th, 2009

The average total costs of U.S. stock mutual funds are estimated at 2.5% to 3% annually.  LINK

Imagine what your investments would do over your lifetime, if you could eliminate those costs.

First, let me tell you what those costs are.  You think it’s the “Expense Ratio” the fund managers publish in their annual reports?  No.  “Expense Ratio” only averages 1%.  The hidden costs are

  • commissions paid by the fund’s investment adviser to broker-dealer firms
  • bid-ask spreads
  • market impact costs
  • opportunity costs relating to delayed and canceled trades
  • and opportunity costs due to cash holdings.

A fee only advisor analyzes those costs to reduce them as much as possible.  Your broker and fund manager won’t even mention them — because often, they’re his paycheck!

Now do you understand why Fidelity Magellan underperforms the S&P 500 by more than 2% even though they hold nearly identical assets?

Call me and I will help you eliminate these costs.

Mike Dayoub is a fee-only financial planner in Milton & Alpharetta, GA.  Website.